Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is rarely associated with central diabetes insipidus (CDI) with unclear underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The most commonly reported cytogenetic abnormality in cases of AML-associated CDI is monosomy 7, followed by chromosome 3 abnormalities. We report a case of a woman with newly diagnosed AML with 9q34 deletion (ABL1 gene region), who developed symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia with an investigation confirming CDI. This is the first reported case of cytogenetic abnormality of 9q34 deletion (ABL1 gene region) in AML with CDI.
Keywords:Central Diabetes Insipidus; Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Polyuria; Polydipsia; Cytogenetics; United Arab Emirates.
Objectives: Research indicates that active smokers are at risk of cognitive impairment. However, the correlation between chronic passive smoking and the risk of cognitive impairment remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine the association between smoking, passive smoking, and cognitive impairment and examined the dose-response effect. Methods: This population-based two-year survey was conducted in four rural public health centers from 2021 to 2023 in Central Java, Indonesia, each center caters to approximately 30 000 people. The participants were selected using simple random sampling from the health center visitors aged 30–60 years. Smoking and passive smoking were determined by self-assessment. Mini-Mental State Examination was used to evaluate cognitive impairment. The potential impact of confounding variables such as lifestyle, sociodemographic factors, and chronic diseases were considered and excluded during statistical analysis. Results: The participants were 409 individuals aged 30–60 years. The majority were men (264; 64.5%). Among them, 308 (75.3%) were active smokers, 271 (66.3%) were passive smokers, and 138 (33.7%) were not exposed to tobacco smoke. There was a significant relationship between cognitive impairment and increasing pack years of active smoking. The highest and most significant risk was observed in those who smoked ≥ 20 pack-years with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.61 and 95% CI: 0.98–2.31. Passive smokers had a slightly lower risk of cognitive impairment than those who did not smoke and never smoked (aOR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.37–2.70). They were comparable with OR of 10–19 pack-years total exposure to active smoking (aOR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.24–2.42). Conclusions: There was a dose-response relationship between smoking and cognitive impairment with a significant effect on ≥ 20 pack-years of exposure. Passive smoking also indicated a significant risk of cognitive impairment equivalent to an estimated 10–19 pack-years of active smoking.
Keywords:Neurodegenerative Diseases; Cognitive Impairments; Dementia; Smoking; Epidemiology; Indonesia.
Objectives: This study was performed to assess the accuracy of standard electrocardiographic criteria in diagnosing of right ventricular (RV) involvement in patients with inferior myocardial infarction (IMI). Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients admitted with an IMI. Proximal occlusion of the right coronary artery before the origin of the RV branch on angiography was considered diagnostic of RV involvement. Results: The subjects were 129 patients (mean age = 55.8±13.1 years; 81.4% male) with inferior ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The most sensitive indicators of RV involvement were an ST elevation in V4R (72.9%) and a higher ST elevation in lead III than in lead II (80.4%). The most specific indicators were ST elevation in V1 (88.7%) and ST elevation in V1 with ST depression in V2 (97.1%). Combining all the criteria improved sensitivity to 85.7% but reduced specificity to 21.2%. Conclusions: No single electrocardiogram criterion was able to identify all cases of RV involvement in patients with IMI. Combining the different criteria helped pick up more cases at the cost of increasing false positives.
Keywords:Right Ventricular Infarction; Right Ventricular Involvement; Inferior Myocardial Infarction; Electrocardiogram; Oman.
ISSN:2070-5204 (Electronic)